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Vibration and prevention methods during lathe processing
Release time:
2021-09-27
Lathe vibration can be divided into two kinds of forced vibration and self-excited vibration, the following details to introduce the two vibration methods and prevention methods.
Lathe vibration can be divided into two kinds of forced vibration and self-excited vibration, the following details to introduce the two vibration methods and prevention methods.
forced vibration
Forced vibration is the vibration of an object by a periodic change of external force. For example, in the grinding process, due to the imbalance of the motor, high-speed rotating grinding wheel and pulley, the thickness or length of the V-belt is inconsistent, and the oil pump is not working smoothly, etc., will cause the forced vibration of the machine tool, which will arouse the relative vibration amplitude between the various components of the machine tool, and affect the accuracy of the workpiece, such as roughness and roundness. For tools or machine tools that do rotary motion, vibration will also affect the rotary accuracy.
Method of reducing forced vibration
① Balance (static balance and dynamic balance) or set automatic balance device for high-speed rotation (above 600r/min) parts. Or use a damping device.
② Adjust the clearance of the bearing and the insert, change the natural frequency of the system, so that it deviates from the excitation frequency; adjust the motion parameters, so that the frequency of the vibration source that may cause forced vibration is far away from the natural frequency of the weak mode of the machine tool.
③ Improve the stability of the transmission device, such as the use of less joints, no joint belt on the lathe or grinder, the transmission belt should be the same length. Use helical gears instead of spur gears, and install flywheels on the main shaft.
④ In the precision grinding machine with vane pump instead of gear pump, in the hydraulic system using buffer device to eliminate the impact of movement.
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